Legal Principle & Question Decided

Ruling Summary: This decision was rendered by the Islamabad High Court, officially reported as 2026 YLR 1121. In this matter between Muhammad Muneeb Arshad and Mst. Ammara Mahroof Honorable Justice Muhammad Azam Khan Akhtar Hussain Bharwana , Awais Mehmood Awan, the court adjudicated key questions of statutory construction, procedural regularity, and legal precedent under Pakistani law.

Core Holding: The honorable bench evaluated governing statutory provisions and judicial authorities to establish the rights of the parties, delivering the binding reasoning set out below.

Full Judgment Text & Judicial Ruling

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div.MsoFootnoteText\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Footnote Text Char\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Comment Text Char\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Header Char\";\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in center 3.0in right 6.0in;\r\n\tfont-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Footer Char\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:center 3.0in right 6.0in;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoCaption, li.MsoCaption, div.MsoCaption\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-next:Normal;\r\n\tmargin-top:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\nspan.MsoFootnoteReference\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tvertical-align:super;}\r\nspan.MsoCommentReference\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-ansi-font-size:8.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\nspan.MsoPageNumber\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\nspan.MsoEndnoteReference\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tvertical-align:super;}\r\np.MsoEndnoteText, li.MsoEndnoteText, div.MsoEndnoteText\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Endnote Text Char\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoListBullet, li.MsoListBullet, div.MsoListBullet\r\n\t{mso-style-update:auto;\r\n\tmso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:0in;\r\n\tmargin-left:.25in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-indent:-.25in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tmso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;\r\n\ttab-stops:list .25in;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoList2, li.MsoList2, div.MsoList2\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:0in;\r\n\tmargin-left:.5in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-indent:-.25in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoBodyText, li.MsoBodyText, div.MsoBodyText\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Body Text Char\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoBodyTextIndent, li.MsoBodyTextIndent, div.MsoBodyTextIndent\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Body Text Indent Char\";\r\n\tmargin-top:4.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:.25in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tline-height:120%;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.25in .5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoBodyText2, li.MsoBodyText2, div.MsoBodyText2\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Body Text 2 Char\";\r\n\tmargin-top:4.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tline-height:120%;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tfont-style:italic;}\r\np.MsoBodyText3, li.MsoBodyText3, div.MsoBodyText3\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Body Text 3 Char\";\r\n\tmargin-top:4.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tline-height:110%;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tcolor:#CC00FF;}\r\np.MsoBodyTextIndent2, li.MsoBodyTextIndent2, div.MsoBodyTextIndent2\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Body Text Indent 2 Char\";\r\n\tmargin-top:4.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:.75in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\ttext-indent:-.75in;\r\n\tline-height:110%;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.25in .5in .75in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoBodyTextIndent3, li.MsoBodyTextIndent3, div.MsoBodyTextIndent3\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Body Text Indent 3 Char\";\r\n\tmargin-top:2.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:2.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-left:.5in;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\ttext-indent:-.5in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.25in .5in;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"CG Times\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoBlockText, li.MsoBlockText, div.MsoBlockText\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmargin-top:0in;\r\n\tmargin-right:63.0pt;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:0in;\r\n\tmargin-left:1.0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\ttext-align:justify;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\ttab-stops:.5in;\r\n\tfont-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\na:link, span.MsoHyperlink\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tcolor:blue;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\na:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tcolor:purple;\r\n\ttext-decoration:underline;\r\n\ttext-underline:single;}\r\np.MsoPlainText, li.MsoPlainText, div.MsoPlainText\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Plain Text Char\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:10.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Courier New\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-margin-top-alt:auto;\r\n\tmargin-right:0in;\r\n\tmso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;\r\n\tmargin-left:0in;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:12.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\np.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate\r\n\t{mso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Balloon Text Char\";\r\n\tmargin:0in;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\r\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\n\tfont-size:8.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Tahoma;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";}\r\nspan.Heading1Char\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Heading 1 Char\";\r\n\tmso-style-locked:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Heading 1\";\r\n\tmso-ansi-font-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Calibri Light\";\r\n\tmso-ascii-font-family:\"Calibri Light\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-hansi-font-family:\"Calibri Light\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-font-kerning:16.0pt;\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\nspan.Heading2Char\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Heading 2 Char\";\r\n\tmso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-locked:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Heading 2\";\r\n\tmso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Calibri Light\";\r\n\tmso-ascii-font-family:\"Calibri Light\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-hansi-font-family:\"Calibri Light\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;\r\n\tfont-style:italic;}\r\nspan.Heading3Char\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Heading 3 Char\";\r\n\tmso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-locked:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Heading 3\";\r\n\tmso-ansi-font-size:13.0pt;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:\"Calibri Light\";\r\n\tmso-ascii-font-family:\"Calibri Light\";\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-hansi-font-family:\"Calibri Light\";\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\nspan.Heading4Char\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Heading 4 Char\";\r\n\tmso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-locked:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Heading 4\";\r\n\tmso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Calibri;\r\n\tmso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tfont-weight:bold;}\r\nspan.Heading5Char\r\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Heading 5 Char\";\r\n\tmso-style-noshow:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-locked:yes;\r\n\tmso-style-link:\"Heading 5\";\r\n\tmso-ansi-font-size:13.0pt;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;\r\n\tfont-family:Calibri;\r\n\tmso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\r\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\r\n\tmso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;\r\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:\"Times New…

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