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Petitioner: M. TAHIR RASHEED VS Respondent: SECRETARY, ESTABLISHMENT DIVISION, ISLAMABADHonorable Justice Syed Ally Madad ShahKanwar Mukhtar Ahmad,Niaz Ahmad Khan, Abdul Sattar Mughal, Salman Hamid for Qazi Faiz Isa, Moor Ali & Sabihuddin Ahmed
1993 P L C (C
1993 P L C (C.S.) 116
[Federal Service Tribunal]
Present: Syed Ally Madad Shah, Chairman and S.M. Ishaq, Member
M. TAHIR RASHEED and 2 others
versus
SECRETARY, ESTABLISHMENT DIVISION, ISLAMABAD and others
Appeals Nos. 51, 52 and 53(K) of 1990, decided on 8th August, 1992.
Civil service‑‑‑
‑‑‑‑ Inter se seniority‑‑‑Determining of‑‑‑Inter se seniority of candidates at one selection was to be determined on the basis of merit assigned to the candidates by the Public Service Commission/Selection Committee in pursuance of general principles of seniority and not the dates of joining duty.
Ziaul Haq and others v. Secretary, Ministry of Education, Islamabad and others 1991 SCMR 1632 and ESTACODE,1983 Edn., p.152 rel.
Kanwar Mukhtar Ahmad for Appellants.
Niaz Ahmad Khan, Standing Counsel for Respondents 1 to 4.
Abdul Sattar Mughal for Respondent No. 5.
Salman Hamid for Qazi Faiz Isa for Respondent No. 6 (in Appeals Nos. 51 and 52(K) of 1990).
Moor Ali Khan for Respondent No. 16 (in Appeals Nos. 51 and 52(K) of 1990).
Sabihuddin Ahmed for Respondent No. 28 (in Appeals Nos. 51 and 52(K) of 1990).
None of the other respondents present.
Date of hearing: 6th August, 1992.
JUDGMENT
SYED ALLY MADAD SHAH (CHAIRMAN): ‑‑All the three appeals are of identical nature involving question of seniority. They have been heard together. They are disposed of by this one judgment.
2. The appellants herein, M/s. M. Tahir Rasheed, Amir Ahmad and Kanwar Khalid AIL and the respondents 5 to 83 were employed as Preventive Officers, Customs Karachi. The appellants and 71 other candidates, who are amongst the respondents herein, were selected in one batch for appointment Us Preventive Officers (Grade 13) and they were issued letters of offer of appointment on 6-7-1980. They joined duty on different dates. One consolidated order of their appointment, being office order No. 298/80‑ESTT (P) was issued on 6th August, 1980. The order of their appointment reads as under:‑‑
CUSTOMS HOUSE, KARACHI
No. S‑38‑39/74‑Estt: (P), Karachi, dated the 6th August, 1980.
OFFICE ORDER NO. 2918/80‑ESTT (P)
The following persons have been appointed as temporary Preventive Officers in National Pay Scale Grade‑13 (Rs. 490‑30‑790/32‑950) in this Customs House, from the dates shown against their names on the terms and conditions laid down in their offer of appointment and duly accepted by them:
S. No.
Name (M/S)
1.
Ahmad Shuja
2.
Javed Akhtar Mughal
3.
Badruddin Jatoi
4.
M. Afzal Khan Magsi
5.
Najam Hameed
6.
Muhammad Ibraheem
7.
Mir Ali Raza
8.
Sardar Abdul Qayyum Khan
9.
Rukhsana Ishrat Arbab
10.
Habibur Rehman
11.
Munir Ahmad
12.
Muhammad Sohail Naqi
13.
Muhammad Rahim Marwat
14.
Ghazanfar Ali
15.
Alyson Herald Alferd
16.
Sabeeh Yousuf
17.
Tayyab Hassan
18.
Ali Azhar Shah
Date of joining
21‑7‑1980
21‑7‑1980
8‑7‑1980
17‑7‑1980
12‑7‑1980
12‑7‑1980
22‑7‑1980
10‑7‑1980
9‑7‑1980
14‑7‑1980
12‑7‑1980
9‑7-1980
21‑7‑1980
20‑7‑1980
9‑7‑1980
21‑7‑1980
14‑7‑1980
22‑7‑1980
S. No.
Name (M/S)
Date of joining
19.
Ali Manshah
21‑7‑1980
20.
Athar Hussain Khan
22‑7‑1980
21.
Ch. Muhammad Ali
12‑7‑1980
22.
Anisa Tayyaba
19‑7‑1980
23.
Amir Shahid Ali Khan
10‑7‑1980
24.
Raja Zaki Babar
22‑7‑1980
25.
Vaqar Zahoor
13‑7‑1980
26.
M. Hanif Sabir Khan
17‑7‑1980
27.
Abdul Qayyum
22‑7‑1980
28.
Khalilur Rehman
20‑7‑1980
29.
Sajid Ali Khan
22‑7‑1980
30.
S. Qamar Abbas
12‑7‑1980
31.
Saeed Khan
21‑7‑1980
32.
Muhammad Iqbal‑I
19‑7‑1980
33.
Muhammad Akram Khan
22‑7‑1980
34.
Shoaib Ahmad
12‑7‑1980
35.
S. Irfanullah
21‑7‑1980
36.
Parvez Iqbal
9‑7‑1980
37.
Kanwar Khalid Ali Khan
28‑7‑1980
38.
Muhammad Khursheed Khan
21‑7‑1980
39.
Ghulam Mohiuddin Chishti
19‑7‑1980
40.
Rais Azam Khan
22‑7‑1980
41.
Muhammad Khan
9‑7‑1980
42.
S. Sohail Zaidi
19‑7‑1980
43.
Munawar Ali Saleemi
17‑7‑1980
44.
Talat Qamar
16‑7‑1980
45
Tariq Javed
10-7-1980
46.
Amir Ahmad
8‑7‑1980
47.
Rashid Ali Khan
21‑7‑1980
48.
Amjad Pervez
22‑7‑1980
49.
Amjad Mansoor
19‑7‑1980
50.
Muhammad Iqbal II
12‑7‑1980
51.
Javed Iqbal
17‑7‑1980
52.
S. Anwar Hussain
9‑7‑1980
53.
Shakirullah Khan
19‑7‑1980
54.
Ateeq Ahmad
21‑7‑1980
55.
A. Parvaiz Bazai
22‑7‑1980
56.
Muhammad Siddiq Khan AM
17‑7‑1980
57.
Mashooq Ahmad Memon
16‑7‑1980
58.
M. Tahir Rasheed
9‑7‑1980
59.
Ahmed Kabir
10‑7‑1980
60.
Tariq Mahmood
19‑7‑1980
61.
Arif Munir
14‑7‑1980
62.
Abdul Qadir Ghumro
12‑7‑1980
63.
Muhammad Farooq
22‑7‑1980
64.
Ghazanfarullah
9‑7‑1980
65.
Kaleemullah
31‑7‑1980
66.
Mir Zarar Bin Asmat
12‑7‑1980
67.
Attaullah
16‑7‑1980
68.
Kifayatullah Khan
21‑7‑1980
69.
Nihar Muhammad
15‑7‑1980
70.
Sarfarazul Hassan
20‑7‑1980
71
Shaibzar Khan
2‑8‑1980
72.
Abdul Ghaffar
20‑7‑1980
73.
Shahbaz Khan
17‑7‑1980
74.
Sarfaraz Ahmad
19‑7‑1980
They have been medically examined by Civil Surgeon, Government of Pakistan and declared fit for Government service (list prepare d merit‑cum‑seniority) By order of Collector of Customs (Preventive).
(Sd.) S.FA. RAZVI, for Collector of Customs (Preventive)".
3. A seniority list was issued in 1985, wherein the names of the appellants and their batch‑mates were placed, amongst others, in the chronological order of the respective dates of their joining duty. The seniority list was given effect to unchallenged until 1988, when one of the respondents, namely Javed Akhtar, respondent No. 6 herein, made representation for re‑determination of his seniority on the basis of merit in the selection rather than the dates of joining duty. The Central Board of Revenue upheld his representation by a decision dated 1‑3‑1990 and issued order C. No. 16/79/88‑ACE‑II, dated 1‑3‑1990 for recasting the seniority list in the order of merit. Feeling apprehensive of adverse effect of the seniority list that was to be revised, the appellants made departmental appeals to the Chairman, Central Board of Revenue, against that decision, on 29‑3‑1990. They did not receive any orders until they filed appeals before this Tribunal on 26‑7‑1990, challenging the order of the CBR dated 1‑3‑1990 for directing that the seniority list issued in 1985 should be maintained.
4. The appeals are directed against the Establishment Division (R‑1), the Chairman, Central Board of Revenue (R‑2), Collector of Customs (R‑3) and Second Secretary, CBR (R‑4); and 79 Preventive Officers by their names. The Government functionaries have not filed written objections. From amongst the respondents impleaded in their individual .capacity, only few of them, viz. respondents 6, 16 and 28, have filed written objections in Appeals Nos. 51 and 52(x)/90; and none has filed objections in Appeal No.53(K)/90.
5. At the hearing of appeals, Mr. Kanwar Mukhtar Ahmad, Advocate represented the appellants. Mr. Abdul Sattar Mughal, Advocate appeared on behalf of respondent No. 5, while Mr. Salman Hamid, Advocate appeared on behalf of Mr. Qazi Faiz Isa, Advocate for respondent No. 6 in appeals Nos.51 and 52 (K)/90 to seek adjournment. He presented adjournment application during the course of the hearing of the appeals. The request for adjournment was not acceded to Mr. Manzoor Ali Khan, Advocate appeared on behalf of respondent No. 16, while Mr. Sabihuddin Ahmad, Advocate appeared on behalf of respondent No. 28 only in Appeals Nos. 51 and 52(x)/90. Although the respondents 1 to 4 have not filed written objections and there was no appearance on behalf of respondents 2 to 4, and the respondent No. 1, i.e. the Establishment Division was represented by only an Assistant, yet we invited Mr. Niaz Ahmad Khan, Standing Counsel for the Government, who happened be present to represent the Government in other cases, to render assistance determination of important question of law and he willingly expressed his views on the legal aspects of the case. He subscribed to the view‑point of the learned counsel for the private respondents. None appeared for the other respondents.
6. The subtle question involved in these appeals is: What is or what should be the criteria for determination of inter se seniority of more than one candidates selected for appointment in one batch? The contention of the appellants, reiterated by the learned counsel having represented them, was that the criterion for the determination of such question is the date of joining the duty irrespective of the merit assigned to the candidates by the selecting body. He placed reliance on the instructions contained in clause (iii) of Paragraph 19 of the Cash and Accounts Manual, Karachi Customs House, Vol. I (corrected upto March 1951) and a judgment of this Tribunal in Appeal No. 60(x)/81. On the other hand, the learned counsel for the contesting respondents, named above, urged that the criterion for determination of seniority in such cases was the merit assigned by the selecting body and not the date of joining duty and they placed reliance on the judgments of this Tribunal in Appeals No. 161 (L)/86 and 173(x)/88. There is also another judgment of this Tribunal in Appeal No. 96(x)/88. It was only in the Appeal No. 60(x)/81 that it was held by a Bench of this Tribunal that the inter se seniority of the candidates selected for appointment in one batch could be reckoned from the date of joining duty and not on the basis of merit assigned by the selecting forum. In all other decisions of this Tribunal, referred to above, the view held was that seniority in such cases was to be reckoned on the basis of the merit assigned by the selecting body, no matter that the candidates had joined duty on different dates. This controversy stands finally settled by the judgment of the Supreme Court in the case of Zia-ul-Haq and others v: Secretary, Ministry of Education, Islamabad and others; reported in 1991 SCMR 1632, wherein it was held that inter se seniority of the candidates at one selection was to be determined on the basis of the merit assigned to the candidates by the Federal Public Service Commission in pursuance of the General Principles of Seniority. The learned counsel for the appellants however, contended that the General Principles of Seniority were applicable only in the cases of selections made by the Federal Public Service Commission and not in other cases. His contention was controverted by Mr. Manzoor Ali Khan, Advocate representing the respondent No. 16, by making reference to paragraph 2 of Sl. No. 158 of ESTACODE, 1983 Edition, at page 152, laying down that the General Principles of Seniority extended to all classes of service except where any rules, principles or instructions of seniority duly approved by the Establishment Division already existed specifically for a particular service or cadre, in which case seniority would continue to be determined in accordance with those rules, principles or instructions. The learned counsel for the appellants yet pressed his argument that there were specific rules for determination of seniority in the cases of employees in the Customs Department, as contained in the Cash and Accounts Manual, Karachi Customs House, and, therefore, the case of the appellants and the respondents stood excepted from the operation of the general principles of seniority. The instructions relied upon by him were published in the year 1951 whereas the General Principles of Seniority were published in O.M. doted 31‑12‑1970. Moreover, the instructions issued in the Cash and Accounts Manual for the employees of the Customs Department did not visualise the question of inter se seniority of the candidates selected in one batch but it refers to the determination of seniority on the basis of dates of appointment. In the instant cases, the tussle over seniority is amongst the candidates selected at one selection and they were assigned their merit position and their letters of appointment were issued on one and the same date and the merit position of the appellants was not at the top and yet they were placed in the seniority list on the basis of the dates of their joining duty. It has been held by this Tribunal in more than one cases, referred to above, that the date of joining duty is not the criterion for determination of seniority in the cases where the candidates have been selected in one batch and assigned merit by the selecting body and that decision was approved by the Supreme Court in the aforesaid case of Ziaul Haq and others v. Secretary, Ministry of Education (1991 SCMR 1632). Thus, the answer to the question is that the inter se seniority of the appellants and the respondents selected in one batch is to be determined in accordance with the merit assigned by the selection committee and the decision taken by the Central Board of Revenue is unexceptionable.
7. Of course, the learned counsel for the appellants urged that the seniority list prepared in 1985 on the basis of the dates of joining duty by the candidates was not taken exception to at the appropriate stage and it was given effect to. The question of seniority could be reopened by the competent authority suo motu even if there was apparent violation of the rules and orders and in the instant cases there was a representation by one of the respondents, i.e. the respondent No. 6, and the matter was reconsidered and correct decision was given that the seniority list may be recast in pursuance of the General Principles of Seniority that the candidates selected in one batch shall reckon their seniority as per merit position determined by the selection body.
8. Consequent to the reasons recorded above, the appeals are dismissed as being without merit, but with no order as to costs.
A.A./774/Sr.F Appeals dismissed.